{"product_id":"the-republic","title":"The Republic by Plato","description":"\u003ch2\u003eThe Republic by Plato\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\"The Republic\"\u003c\/b\u003e (\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"16\"\u003ePoliteia\u003c\/i\u003e)—written by \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"37\"\u003ePlato\u003c\/b\u003e around 375 BCE—is one of the most influential works of philosophy, political theory, and ethics ever penned. Written in the form of a Socratic dialogue, it features Socrates debating various Athenians and foreigners about a deceptive, seemingly simple question: \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"0\" data-index-in-node=\"305\"\u003eWhat is justice, and is the just man happier than the unjust man?\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1\"\u003eTo answer this, Socrates suggests looking at justice on a grand scale. He proposes building a hypothetical, perfectly balanced utopian city from scratch, named \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"160\"\u003eKallipolis\u003c\/b\u003e (\"The Beautiful City\"). By mapping out the macro-cosm of a just state, Plato seeks to reveal the micro-cosm of a just human soul.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-path-to-node=\"16\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"16\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eThe Degeneration of the State\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"17\"\u003ePlato does not believe utopia lasts forever. In Book VIII, he maps out a terrifyingly modern cycle of political decay, showing how a perfect state inevitably rots from the inside out when the wrong parts of the soul take control of government:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003col start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"18\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"18,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"18,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eAristocracy:\u003c\/b\u003e Rule by the wise and just (The ideal state).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"18,1,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"18,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eTimocracy:\u003c\/b\u003e The ruling class becomes obsessed with military glory and honor rather than wisdom.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"18,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"18,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eOligarchy:\u003c\/b\u003e Honor fades into greed. The city is ruled entirely by a small circle of the ultra-wealthy, widening the gap between rich and poor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"18,3,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"18,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eDemocracy:\u003c\/b\u003e The impoverished masses rebel, killing the rich and declaring absolute freedom. Plato describes democracy as a chaotic, intoxicating bazaar of desires where liberty turns into complete lawlessness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"18,4,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"18,4,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eTyranny:\u003c\/b\u003e Out of the chaos of democracy, a charismatic demagogue emerges as a \"protector of the people.\" He taps into public fear, eliminates his rivals, grabs absolute power, and becomes the ultimate, parasitic tyrant.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLanguage: English.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGenre: Philosophy.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBinding: সেলাই করা বাইন্ডিং\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eQuality: Premium Quality Books.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrinting: High Quality Printing.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePaper: Eye Friendly paper (Cream White)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCover: Matt cover (Paperback).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Royal Books BD","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47300113662137,"sku":null,"price":350.0,"currency_code":"BDT","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0780\/0874\/6169\/files\/The_Republic.jpg?v=1779999244","url":"https:\/\/royalbooksbd.com\/products\/the-republic","provider":"Royal Books BD","version":"1.0","type":"link"}